Abu Saleh coffee sweep the streets of Jordan

Abu Saleh Coffee Group sweeps the streets of Jordan and Amman with many products, hot and cold drinks, natural juices and cocktails, milkshakes in several flavors, and Abu Saleh Coffee is an essential thing for any tourist visiting Jordan

Coffee is a drink made from roasted coffee seeds, grown in more than 70 countries. Especially in the tropics of North and South America, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Africa. Green coffee is said to be the second most traded commodity in the world after crude oil. Because it contains caffeine, coffee can have a stimulant effect on humans. Today, coffee is one of the most popular drinks around the world.

It is believed that the ancestors of the Oromo tribe in Ethiopia were the first to discover and identify the invigorating effect of the coffee bean plant. No direct evidence has been found revealing exactly where coffee grew in Africa, or revealing who used it as a stimulant or even knew about it before the seventeenth century. The earliest reliable evidence of either drinking coffee or knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the mid-fifteenth century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen in southern Arabia. Coffee spread from Ethiopia to Yemen, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, and by the fifteenth century it had reached Armenia, Persia, Turkey and North Africa. From the Islamic world, coffee spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia, and to the Americas.

coffee cultivation

The traditional way to grow coffee is to place twenty seeds in each hole at the beginning of the rainy season, and this method loses about 50% of the seeds, while the remaining half does not rot and grow, but there is a more effective Brazilian method for growing coffee, which is to place the seedlings in an incubator until they grow outside For a period of six to twelve months, the cultivation of coffee crops often overlaps with other food crops such as corn, beans and rice during the first few planting years because farmers know the needs of these plants.

Among the main types of coffee, Arabica (from Arabica coffee) is generally more reliable than Robusta (from Robusta coffee), which tends to be bitter and less flavorful, but has a better body than Arabica, and for these reasons, about three quarters of the coffee grown globally is Arabica coffee, in addition to that Robusta strains also contain about 40-50% more caffeine than Arabica and for this reason are used as an inexpensive substitute for Arabica coffee in many commercial coffee blends. Good quality Robusta seeds are used in the traditional Italian espresso blend to deliver a strong taste with the best foam on top (known as foam or crema).

Image showing the areas where coffee is grown

However, Coffea canephora is less susceptible to disease than Arabica and can be grown in lower elevations and warm climates where Arabica cannot thrive. The first collection of the Robusta strain was in 1890 from the Lumni River as a tributary of the Congo River was transferred from Zaire (now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo) to Brussels for Java around 1900. Increased breeding in Java led to the establishment of Robusta farms in many countries, especially with Spread of Destructive Coffee Leaf Rust (Hamelia festrex) As Arabica coffee became weak and Robusta resistance was rapidly growing, coffee leaf rust was found in almost all coffee-producing countries.

More than 900 species of harmful insects have been recorded for coffee crops all over the world. Beetles constitute a third of these harmful insects, while bugs make up a quarter. Crops are attacked by 20 species of nematodes, 9 species of moths, a number of snails and slugs, and sometimes birds and rodents eat coffee seeds. But their impact is minor compared to invertebrates. In general, Arabica coffee is considered one of the most sensitive species to invertebrate predation. Every part of the coffee plant is vulnerable to predation from various animals. Nematodes attack the roots, while beetles dig in the trunk and woody materials. More than 100 species of caterpillars (caterpillars) butterflies attack the leaves of the plant. and moths.

Massive spraying of insecticides has often proven to be a disaster as predators of pests are more sensitive than the pests themselves. Branches that are heavily infested with scale insects are cut and left on the ground, which promotes scale parasites to attack the scales in the cut branches and the plant as well.

And the digger beetle, with a length equal to 2 m for the coffee seed, is one of the most harmful insects for the coffee industry in the world. It destroys up to 50% or more of coffee fruits in the farms of most coffee-producing countries. The adult female beetle bites a small hole in the coffee seed and lays From 35 to 50 eggs, the offspring grows inside the plant, then mates, and then emerges from the destroyed seed to spread and restore its life cycle. Insecticides are often ineffective because the children of the beetles are protected inside the incubating fruit, but when they leave they are not protected from the predation of birds. When the trees are close, the American yellow finches, songbirds and other birds eliminate insects, reducing their presence to 50% of the number of borer beetles. of coffee seed in Costa Rica plantations.

Types of coffee

There are more than 30 different types of coffee in the world. We've rounded up some of our favorite coffees to try at home, easy recipes with Nescafe instant coffee as a starting point. From our popular cappuccinos, espresso and lattes to lungo, ristretto, café oleh and cold brew, there are many types of coffee you can enjoy. Try them all and see which one is your favourite.

Cappuccino, latte, and espresso are probably the most common, or at least the most popular.

Why do I feel happy when I drink coffee

According to the results of a study published in the “JAMA” Journal of Internal Medicine, drinking coffee in the morning increases the feeling of pleasure, as it confirmed that women who drank two to 3 cups of coffee per day were 15% less likely to develop depression.

Specialists say that eating fruits and vegetables helps to feel happy. Increasing the number of daily servings of vegetables and fruits to 7 improves mood and effectively raises morale, according to a Dutch study.

They also believe that dark chocolate brings a smile to the face. Eating 30 grams of it daily for two weeks reduces stress levels and reduces feelings of fatigue and depression.

A Japanese study reported that five cups of green tea a day reduces stress levels by 20%. Nutrition experts also say that mushrooms help to feel happy because they contain vitamin D, which adjusts mood, as well as the mineral selenium, which reduces feelings of depression and anxiety.